sprokkels

Schumpeter's most popular book in English is probably Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy. While he agrees with Karl Marx that capitalism will collapse and be replaced by socialism, Schumpeter predicts a different way this will come about. While Marx predicted that capitalism would be overthrown by a violent proletarian revolution, which actually occurred in the least capitalist countries, Schumpeter believed that capitalism would gradually weaken by itself and eventually collapse. Specifically, the success of capitalism would lead to corporatism and to values hostile to capitalism, especially among intellectuals. "Intellectuals" are a social class in a position to critique societal matters for which they are not directly responsible and to stand up for the interests of other classes. Intellectuals tend to have a negative outlook of capitalism, even while relying on it for prestige, because their professions rely on antagonism toward it. The growing number of people with higher education is a great advantage of capitalism, according to Schumpeter. Yet, unemployment and a lack of fulfilling work will cause intellectual critique, discontent and protests. Parliaments will increasingly elect social democratic parties, and democratic majorities will vote for restrictions on entrepreneurship. Increasing workers' self-management, industrial democracy and regulatory institutions would evolve non-politically into "liberal capitalism". Thus, the intellectual and social climate needed for thriving entrepreneurship will be replaced by some form of "laborism". This will exacerbate "creative destruction" (a borrowed phrase to denote an endogenous replacement of old ways of doing things by new ways), which will ultimately undermine and destroy the capitalist structure. ambtenaren vormen een belangrijkere factie dan vaak gedacht. Ze zijn stakeholders voor veel langere termijn van de meeste politici. Burgers zijn daarbij vaak zelden lang genoeg verontwaardigd om enig verschil te maken.

Zo werd berekend dat de Italiaanse president een hofhouding heeft van zowat 900 personen, wat achtmaal het aantal mensen is voorzien voor de Duitse president. De staat bezit er 574215 officiele lmimosines voor een politieke klassen van 180.000 verkozen vertegenwoordigers. De Italiaanse leden van het Europese parlement krijgen 150.000 euro per jaar, zowat het dubbel van de Duitse of Britse parlementsleden.


In China wordt er meer gespendeerd aan wining en dining van lokale overheidsapparatchiks dan aan onderwijs voor kinderen onder de 16. 

https://www.lrb.co.uk/v31/n04/perry-anderson/an-entire-order-converted-into-what-it-was-intended-to-end

strategie rond de waardeketen
verwerkende nijverheid
dienst
kenniseconomie